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EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT PRACTICES

FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF ARCHITECTURE

July 02, 07 2012, IIT Kanpur

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National Information Centre of Earthquake Engineering (NICEE) at IIT Kanpur is committed to furthering earthquake safety in the built environment through empowering stakeholders in the building delivery process by information sharing and dissemination of the state of the art in earthquake engineering. NICEE has also actively engaged in awareness, sensitization and training programmes for faculty in architecture and civil engineering disciplines in colleges all over India through the NPEEE program that was in operation from 2003 till 2007. The National Advisory Committee of NICEE unanimously felt need of targeting the architecture professionals of tomorrow by offering training modules to the students of architecture in colleges all over India. The objective of this workshop was primarily aimed to equip the participants with the necessary expertise to arrive at architectural designs that are inherently adequate in resisting earthquake loads at a conceptual level.
To meet this objective, a pilot Workshop for Undergraduate students of Architecture in Earthquake Resistant Design Practices was first offered in 2008. The workshop was a grand success and it was decided to make it an annual event. The 5th National Workshop was held in IIT Kanpur during July 02-07, 2012, in which 60 undergraduate students who had completed six semesters of studies in their respective architecture programmes, from 16 institutes representing 16 cities from all over India participated in the 6-day workshop. The participants were selected from around 100 applications received.
Workshop 2012
The general objective of the workshop was to sensitize the students to earthquake safety issues and in capacity building in the basics of earthquake resistant design at a conceptual level. It was expected that lectures and hands-on studio sessions in tackling a design assignment will help students in internalizing earthquake resistant practices as an integral part of their design decision making. The resource faculty for this workshop were from architecture and structural engineering disciplines in an attempt to recreate as closely as possible real life architectural practice. The selected participants were each sent a NICEE publication titled “Architectural Teaching Resource Material on Earthquake Design Concepts” authored by Murty and Charleson. The participants were advised to go through the book before coming for the workshop.
The following faculty members, Prof. Mahua Mukherjee, Department of Architecture & Planning, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee; Prof. Vasudha Gokhale, Dr. B.N. College of Architecture for Women, Pune; Prof. Alpana Dongre, Department of Architecture, VNIT Nagpur, Prof. Atanu Dutta, Department of Civil Engineering, Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat and Mr. Hari Kumar of GeoHazards Society, New Delhi were the resource persons of the workshop 2012.
Design Problem
The design brief was to Design a housing project in a hypothetical 150m x 80m site in Guwahati, located in Seismic Zone V. The workshop participants were divided into thirty 2 member groups where each member was from a different institute. They were asked to develop a design proposal which should be rational in functional, structural and aesthetic terms. While the participants were encouraged to adopt innovative design approaches, the objective of this design exercise was to evaluate their understanding of earthquake resistant architecture and application of the same in a design project.
Evaluation of Design
Six designs that incorporated earthquake resistant features without compromising the host of other requirements such as functionality, climate, etc. were shortlisted during the initial round by a Jury Board. The Jury Board consisted of following members:

Prof. Mahesh Tandon, CMD, Tandon Consultants & Private Limited, New Delhi Prof. Durgesh C. Rai, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur Ar. Narendranath Mitra, Practicing Architect, Kolkata Prof. Rajeev Kacker, College of Architecture, Lucknow

The jury looked particularly for a clear understanding of structural system that would be effective in withstanding earthquake loads. The award winning designs are appended below

First Position
Ms. Andhavarapu Sravani, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam Ms. Monika Jerath, BKPS College of Architecture, Pune
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The first prize winning design has located the building blocks with adequate spacing to allow for excellent accessibility to individual blocks. Climate responsiveness is addressed by ensuring cross ventilation in the apartments by keeping all four sides open. Sloped roofs facilitate rain water harvesting in this high rainfall area. For better earthquake resilience, the building has a regular geometry and employs RCC moment resisting frames in both orthogonal directions. Shear walls are placed in the central service core of the building for additional stiffness. The structural system is rational with excellent integration with the functional use of the spaces.

 
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Seconed Position
Ms. Shriya Puranik, Pillai’s College of Architecture, New Panvel Mr. Tanay Nigam, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur

2nd

This structure has been derived from the hexagon found in the naturally occurring honeycomb pattern and is stretched in three dimension to yield hexagonal prisms which form the column configurations. This hexagonal system is carried through to the building level where a triangular network of beams is used for lateral load resistance. This design also proposes the use of a modified version of the ekra construction technique which has traditionally performed very well in past earthquakes wherein internal partition walls use a cane mesh with concrete plastering to make the walls light and flexible. The internal layouts of the apartment blocks are also designed to a satisfactory level of functionality.

 
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Third Position
Ms. Sampada Khadilkar, Dr. B.N. College of Architecture, Pune Mr. Anurag Sapkota, Pillai’s College of Architecture, New Panvel

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This design used the principles of earthquake resistant construction prevalent in Assam and modified it for use within a RCC framed structure wherein RCC moment resisting frames are arranged in a regular geometric configuration with bracing at the seismically vulnerable corners. The design proposes the use of cavity ekra walls on the exterior facade and single ekra walls for the interiors. This is envisaged to reduce the mass of the building which is also good for earthquake resistance. A centrally placed water tank is proposed to aid in better damping effects during an earthquake in much the same way that skyscrapers use a centrally placed stabilizing pendulum to help in dampening the movement of the structure during an earthquake.
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The workshop was sponsored by Computers and Structures Inc (CSI), Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi; and Poonam and Prabhu Goel Research Foundation Fund at IIT Kanpur. For further details please contact Cdr Suresh Ailawadi, Retd, at asuresh@iitk.ac.in, nicee@iitk.ac.in .no. +91-512-259 7749, +91-9450162502

 

Designed By Pawan Kumar Srivastava